MS1 — Lactuca sativa

Summary

LsMS1 (MS1) on lettuce chromosome 4 encodes a cobalamin-independent methionine synthase, also annotated with ADP-glucose pyrophosphatase, ADP-ribose pyrophosphatase, NAD+ diphosphatase, and nucleoside diphosphatase activities, as well as DNA-binding transcription factor activity and NAD binding. The gene is associated with de novo L-methionine biosynthesis, regulation of starch biosynthesis, DNA methylation-dependent heterochromatin assembly, and indole glucosinolate biosynthesis. It is linked to defense responses including callose deposition, induced systemic resistance, response to insects, ozone, bacteria, and oxidative stress, as well as programmed cell death and hypoxia. Associations with whole plant size, seed development, root morphology, salt tolerance, and disease tolerance have been noted. The protein localizes to the chloroplast envelope, stroma, apoplast, vacuole, Golgi, plasmodesmata, mitochondria, and cytosol. Related genes in other species are associated with male sterility, pollen development, and pathogen resistance.