PEN1 — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.5HG0517040 (symbol PEN1, also known as ROR2) on barley chromosome 5H encodes a syntaxin-family SNARE protein with a Syntaxin_N domain. The product is annotated as a protein membrane adaptor and is associated with SNARE binding, vesicle fusion, exocytosis, endocytosis, and intracellular transport. It localises to the trans-Golgi network membrane, endomembrane system, cell plate, and vesicles. The gene is associated with host invasion, viral spread, downregulation of cellular defense response, and cell wall cellulose biosynthesis. Associations with agronomic traits include wheat powdery mildew disease response, cadmium concentration, leaf color, root development, stomatal opening and closure, abscisic acid sensitivity, disease tolerance, salt tolerance, and seedling growth. Related genes in other species connect the family to potassium channel activity, water use efficiency, drought tolerance, and resistance to powdery mildew and bacterial pathogens.