ANT1 — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.5HG0525290, designated ANT1 on barley chromosome 5H, encodes an aromatic amino acid transmembrane transporter with amino acid permease activity, belonging to the AA_transpt_TM family. The gene is associated with grain pericarp colour, pigmentation, and anthocyanin, flavonoid, and phenylpropanoid anabolism, as well as melanin anabolism and response to nematodes. It has been connected to vacuolar and ER membrane localisation, amino acid membrane transport, and RNA transport. ANT1 is linked to grain yield, plant growth, and amino acid transport, along with flavonoid and anthocyanin content and pericarp colour. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to auxin transport, chloroplast and vascular development, tillering, salt tolerance, and nitrogen content, though these associations are not established for barley ANT1 itself.