BAM1 — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.2HG0138420 (symbol BAM1, also known as bmy2 or HvBMY1) on barley chromosome 2H encodes a beta-amylase enzyme (EC 3.2.1.2) with glycosyl hydrolase family 14 domains, and also possesses DNA-binding transcription factor activity and identical protein binding. The gene is associated with maltose anabolism, polysaccharide breakdown, starch anabolism, seed development, and responses to water, cold, herbivore, and ethylene signalling. It has been linked to grain weight, protein content, photosynthetic rate, and traits including drought tolerance, heat stress tolerance, freezing tolerance, osmotic stress response, and resistance to Plectosphaerella cucumerina. Localisation evidence connects the product to the chloroplast stroma, nucleus, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum, and extracellular space. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to starch degradation, shoot apical meristem maintenance, and xylem patterning.