ALMT1 — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.2HG0167320, designated HvALMT1 on barley chromosome 2H, encodes a member of the ALMT family with malate transmembrane transporter activity. The gene is associated with malate membrane transport, ion membrane transport, and response to aluminum. It has been linked to stomatal closure, seed development, and homeostasis, with the protein localised to the tonoplast, plasmalemma, and nucleus. Observed phenotypes include plant growth and seed set. Additional associations connect HvALMT1 to root growth, malate secretion and exudation, aluminum exclusion, phosphate starvation response, defense response, and rhizobacteria recruitment. Traits linked to the gene include seed set percent, phosphorus uptake, aluminum response, stomatal resistance, root length, and seed germination. Studies of related genes in other species link the ALMT1 family to aluminum tolerance, phosphorus acquisition, root development under phosphate starvation, plant immunity, and grain yield.