APL2 — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.1HG0092020 (symbol APL2, also known as HvAPL2) on barley chromosome 1H encodes an ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit (EC 2.7.7.27), an enzyme with ADGase activity and ATP binding that forms part of the glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase complex. This gene is associated with starch and amylopectin anabolism, glycogen anabolism, and starch breakdown, and has been linked to amyloplast and cytosol localisation. Associations include grain filling period, grain weight, amylopectin and starch content, photosynthetic rate, and protein content. It is also connected to root gravitropism, reproductive structure development, responses to abiotic stimuli, and programmed cell death. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to endosperm starch synthesis, grain weight, heat tolerance, and seed development traits.