CCD1 — Daucus carota subsp. sativus

Summary

DCAR_022386 (CCD1, also known as CCD1-4, DcCCD1, DcNCED1) on carrot chromosome 6 encodes a carotenoid oxygenase with carotenoid dioxygenase and 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase activities, binding metal ions. In carrot, this gene is associated with drought response, flavor biosynthesis, and the breakdown of carotenoids, xanthophylls, and carotene, as well as the anabolism of beta-carotene, xanthophyll, lycopene, and abscisic acid. It is linked to responses to salicylate, gibberellin, auxin, thirst, and salinity, and to ABA signaling, anther and pollen development, and NO storage. The product localizes to the chloroplast stroma, cytosol, plasmalemma, Golgi, vacuole, and plasmodesmata. Associations with carotene and carotenoid content, seed carotenoid content and degradation, volatile and isoprenoid volatile production, blumenol biosynthesis, abscisic acid biosynthesis, chromium tolerance, and salicylic acid signaling have been noted. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to fruit flavor, yield, color, ripening, root development, drought and salt tolerance, chilling tolerance, and apocarotenoid production.