PSY — Daucus carota subsp. sativus

Summary

DCAR_023043 (PSY) on carrot chromosome 6 encodes a phytoene synthase, an enzyme with phytoene synthase, squalene synthase, dimethylallyltransferase and farnesyltranstransferase activities that belongs to the trans-isoprenyl diphosphate synthase family. The gene is associated with carotenoid anabolism and breakdown, lycopene and carotene anabolism, monoterpene biosynthesis, hormone anabolism, photoprotection, photomorphogenesis, de-etiolation, shade avoidance, chromoplast and chloroplast organization, secondary growth, protein stabilization, PTGS, and NO storage. It localizes to plastids, chromoplast stroma, etioplasts, chloroplast membranes, mitochondria, cytosol, and nucleus. PSY is linked to root color, alpha carotene and carotene content, fruit growth and development, flowering time, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, respiration rate, ethylene sensitivity, cell elongation, and drought tolerance. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to carotenoid pigmentation, fruit ripening, abscisic acid biosynthesis, stress tolerance, and seed germination.