CYP81E3 — Cicer arietinum

Summary

CYP81E3, located on chickpea chromosome 3, encodes a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase with isoflavone 2'-hydroxylase, 4'-methoxyisoflavone 2'-hydroxylase, isoflavone 3'-hydroxylase, and piperitol synthase activities. It is associated with defense responses to insects, bacteria, and fungi, as well as induced systemic resistance, callose deposition in cell walls, phytoalexin biosynthesis, and indole glucosinolate metabolism. The gene is linked to seed weight, ethylene sensitivity, and resistance to powdery mildew, aphids, and other fungal pathogens. It localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and membrane. Studies of related genes in other species connect the CYP81E family to callose deposition, pathogen resistance, and drought tolerance.