PSY — Capsicum annuum

Summary

CaPSY (T459_28310) on pepper chromosome 11 encodes phytoene synthase 2, a chloroplastic enzyme with PSase, squalene synthase, dimethylallyltransferase and farnesyltranstransferase activities. It is associated with carotenoid, capsanthin, isoprenoid and monoterpene biosynthesis, pigment accumulation, chromoplast organization, de-etiolation, stress response, sucrose and phenylpropanoid metabolism, and translation termination. The protein localizes to plastids, etioplasts, chromoplast stroma, mitochondria, cytosol and nucleus. CaPSY is linked to fruit carotenoid content and color, abscisic acid synthesis, drought tolerance, chloroplast development, photosynthesis, embryo development, flowering time, cell elongation, and osmotic and oxidative stress sensitivity. Studies of related genes in other species connect the phytoene synthase family to fruit ripening, lycopene accumulation, virus resistance, cold and heat tolerance, seed germination, and provitamin A content.