CHS — Capsicum annuum

Summary

CaCHS (T459_15209) on pepper chromosome 5 encodes a protein with chalcone/stilbene synthase and thiolase-like domains and a type III polyketide synthase domain. The enzyme exhibits naringenin-chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, flavanone 4-reductase, flavonol synthase, and SUMO transferase activities. CaCHS is associated with chalcone, polyketide, flavonoid, anthocyanin, and flavonol biosynthesis, as well as regulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism. It is linked to responses to UV, UV-B, gravity, heat acclimation, and oxidative stress, and to traits including anthocyanin content, stem length and dry weight, photosynthetic and respiration rates, flowering time, root morphology, and salt and drought tolerance. The gene is also associated with pollen exine development, male sterility, and root-knot nematode resistance. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to seed coat pigmentation, flavonol biosynthesis, and UV-B sensitivity.