GR1 — Capsicum annuum

Summary

CaGR1 (T459_07473) on pepper chromosome 3 encodes a glutathione reductase (GRase; EC 1.8.1.7) with FAD/NAD-binding and pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase domains, and exhibits glutathione reductase, thioredoxin reductase (NADPH), dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (NADH) and leghemoglobin reductase activities. The gene is associated with the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, cellular respiration, glycine decarboxylation, 2-oxoglutarate and hydrogen peroxide metabolism, and responses to oxidative stress and insects. It is linked to abscisic acid anabolism, S-nitrosylation, and protein oxidation. Associations include fruit size, pungency, photosynthetic rate, leaf water potential, and respiration rate. Phenotypic connections include ozone tolerance, cadmium tolerance, hydrogen peroxide tolerance, oxidative stress resistance, salicylic acid accumulation, jasmonic acid signaling, and lesion formation. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to cellular redox homeostasis, glutathione accumulation, and tolerance to salinity, aluminum, cold and heat.