PAD3 — Camelina sativa

Summary

CsPAD3 (CSA03G055580) on Camelina sativa chromosome 3 encodes a cytochrome P450 family 71 protein with dihydrocamalexic acid decarboxylase, germacrene A hydroxylase, and 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde oxime monooxygenase activities. The gene is associated with camalexin and indole phytoalexin biosynthesis, dhurrin production, sesquiterpene and alkaloid metabolism, and regulation of systemic acquired resistance. It is linked to defence responses against fungi, bacteria, and insects, including aphid resistance, and to responses to abscisic acid, thirst, and zinc stress. Localisation evidence places the product in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and lumen, plasmodesmata, and extracellular space. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to camalexin accumulation, resistance to Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria brassicicola, and reduced camalexin synthesis during infection.