NPH1 — Brachypodium distachyon

Summary

Brachypodium distachyon gene NPH1 (BdNPH1, also known as PHOT1) on chromosome 4 encodes a protein with photoreceptor activity, protein serine kinase activity, FMN binding, phospholipase activator activity, ubiquitin ligase substrate adaptor activity, and transcriptional co-regulator activity. The protein contains PAC, PAS, and kinase domains. BdNPH1 is associated with blue light signaling, phototropism, root and shoot phototropism responses, red/far-red light signaling, regulation of auxin polar transport, positive gravitropism, root hair cell differentiation, response to freezing, and regulation of the vegetative-to-reproductive phase transition and flowering time. It is linked to traits including biomass yield, water use efficiency, days to flowering, root mass density, lateral root length, stomatal resistance, leaf senescence, and responses to bacterial and viral disease, oxidative stress, and low temperature. The protein localizes to the plasma membrane, cell cortex, SCF complex, nuclear body, vesicles, and plant-type vacuole. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to phototropic growth, chloroplast relocation, stomatal aperture opening, and resistance to Pseudomonas syringae.