DHAR — Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris

Summary

BvDHAR (BVRB_2G046040) on sugar beet chromosome Bvchr2_un.sca005 encodes a dehydroascorbate reductase (EC 1.8.5.1) with glutathione transferase activity (EC 2.5.1.18), belonging to the DHAR1/2/3/4 family and containing glutathione S-transferase domains. The enzyme is associated with the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, ascorbate metabolism, protein glutathionylation, cellular oxidant detoxification, and responses to hydrogen peroxide, ozone, jasmonic acid, zinc, and symbiotic fungi. It is linked to positive regulation of salicylic acid-mediated signaling, acquisition of seed longevity, and regulation of symbiotic processes. The protein localizes to chloroplasts (envelope and stroma), mitochondria, apoplast, vacuole, cytosol, and plasma membrane. Associations include photosynthetic rate, respiration rate, and tolerance to oxidative stress, drought, chilling injury, and photooxidative stress, as well as ascorbate and glutathione redox state, ascorbate content, and salicylic acid accumulation. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to drought tolerance, high light stress tolerance, and decreased seed longevity.