ARF — Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris

Summary

BvARF (BVRB_3G050020) on sugar beet chromosome 3 encodes a small GTPase of the Arf1-5-like family with GTPase, GTP-binding, protein kinase, and blue light photoreceptor activities, and is annotated for phospholipase activator and FMN-binding functions. The gene is associated with blue light signaling, chloroplast accumulation movement, regulation of stomatal movement, circadian rhythm, auxin signaling, intracellular protein transport, and vesicle transport. It localizes to the cytoplasm, nucleus, Golgi complex, plant-type vacuole, and internal side of the plasma membrane. Associations include biomass yield, water use efficiency, root mass density, days to flowering, leaf senescence, phototropism, drought tolerance, phenolic compound content, viral disease response, and ethylene sensitivity. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to phototropic growth, chloroplast relocation, guard cell anion channel regulation, and lateral root growth.