PAD3 — Arabidopsis thaliana

Summary

AT3G26830, also known as PAD3 or CYP71B15, encodes a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase with dihydrocamalexic acid decarboxylase activity, functioning as dihydrocamalexate synthase (EC 1.14.19.52). This enzyme is central to camalexin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. The gene is associated with disease resistance, including resistance to Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria brassicicola, and bacterial pathogens, as well as camalexin accumulation and phytoalexin production. It has been linked to responses to aphids, powdery mildew, downy mildew, clubroot, and salt stress, along with traits such as amino acid and protein content. The encoded protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and membrane-bound organelles. Studies of related genes in other species have connected the family to camalexin biosynthesis.