GPA1 — Arabidopsis thaliana

Summary

AT2G26300 (GPA1) in Arabidopsis thaliana encodes the alpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G-protein complex, a GTPase that also exhibits arogenate dehydratase, nucleoside diphosphate kinase, phospholipase D, and GPCR activities. GPA1 is associated with a wide range of biological processes, including signaling via cAMP, regulation of reactive oxygen species, nitrogen utilization, and maintenance of seed dormancy. It has been linked to numerous agronomically relevant traits such as seed quality, grain size, leaf shattering, bacterial blight disease resistance, and responses to UV light, aluminum, and aphids. The protein localizes to plastid membranes, the heterotrimeric G-protein complex, and endosomes, and is involved in pathways including choline biosynthesis and pathogen recognition. Related genes in other species link the family to hormone and stress responses, sugar signaling, and photosynthesis efficiency.