wali5 (TRAESCS1D02G265800) — triticum aestivum

Summary

TRAESCS1D02G265800 (symbol wali5) on bread wheat chromosome 1D encodes a Bowman-Birk-type serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor, belonging to the WIP1 and Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor families. The gene is associated with a wide range of biological processes, including actin depolymerization, carbohydrate and ion transport, response to karrikin, nitrate, and abiotic and biotic stimuli, as well as positive regulation of flavonoid anabolism and regulation of the hypersensitive response. It is linked to extracellular localization and pathways in jasmonic acid signaling, hormone metabolism, and responses to abiotic stresses. Notably, wali5 has been associated with stripe rust resistance, grain yield, and drought tolerance, and its expression has been observed in leaf and callus tissues. Studies of related genes in other species place the family within Bowman-Birk serine protease inhibitors, though these specific associations are not yet established in wheat.