G2 — Zea mays

Summary

ZmG2 (ZM00001EB385870) on maize chromosome 9 encodes a 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase (EC 2.3.1.199) of the FAE1-type polyketide synthase family, a membrane-localised enzyme associated with very-long-chain fatty acid elongation. The gene is associated with long-chain and very-long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis, cell wall biogenesis, and anthocyanin and auxin metabolism. It has been linked to multiple agronomic traits, including grain weight, grain yield, stearic and oleic acid content, starch concentration, root length, leaf water potential, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal resistance, and drought tolerance. Associations with flower color, pericarp color, seed coat color, and anthocyanin content are also recorded. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to additional developmental processes.