AMY1 — Zea mays

Summary

ZM00001EB255870 (ZmAMY1) on maize chromosome 5 encodes an alpha-amylase enzyme (EC 3.2.1.1) with a glycoside hydrolase family 13 catalytic domain. The gene is associated with starch concentration, starch digestibility, reducing sugar content, glucose content, and total soluble sugar content. It has been linked to grain dry weight, ear weight, grain moisture content, test weight, grain chalkiness, percent germination, emergence time, stem fresh and dry weight, crop growth rate, biological yield, coleoptile length, stem diameter, brittle culm, and reproductive period. Associations also include abscisic acid content, hydrogen peroxide content, ferulic acid content, palmitic acid content, ash content, polysaccharide content, carbohydrate content, dry matter digestibility, acid sensitivity, turgor pressure, stress response, osmotic stress tolerance, heat stress response, and defense gene expression. The protein is localized to the apoplast, chloroplast stroma, cytosol, nucleus, and extracellular region. Related genes in other species link the family to transitory starch breakdown and osmotic stress response.