CAT1 — Zea mays

Summary

ZM00001EB209570 (ZmCAT1, also known as ZmCAT3 or CATB) on maize chromosome 4 encodes a catalase enzyme (EC 1.11.1.6) with additional annotated molecular functions including S-nitrosylase, histone acetyltransferase, and nucleoside diphosphate kinase activities. The protein localises to the peroxisomal lumen and is associated with cellular responses to hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide homeostasis, and toxin metabolism. ZmCAT1 is associated with numerous agronomically important traits including seed yield, grain filling period, brittle endosperm, leaf chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, chilling stress response, salt and heat tolerance, seedling height, ear length, biomass yield, and auxin content. Associations with chloroplast development, stomatal closure, and nitrate uptake further link this gene to photosynthetic efficiency and stress adaptation. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to disease resistance, cold and osmotic stress tolerance, and peroxisomal function.