D1 — Zea mays

Summary

ZM00001EB005840, designated D1 and also known as ZmGPA1, encodes a protein on maize chromosome 1. The product belongs to the plant G-protein alpha family and possesses GTPase inhibitor, G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), and abscisic acid binding activities, among many others. D1 is associated with diverse biological processes including gibberellin-mediated signalling, maintenance of seed dormancy, regulation of stomatal opening, and reactive oxygen species-mediated programmed cell death. The protein localises to plastid membranes, the heterotrimeric G-protein complex, and chloroplast thylakoids. D1 is associated with agronomically important traits such as seed quality, bacterial blight disease resistance, days to flowering, lignin content, anthocyanin content, and responses to light intensity, high temperature, and nitrate. Related genes in other species link the G-protein alpha subunit family to grain yield, plant height, seed dormancy, and disease resistance.