ADH — Zea mays

Summary

ZM00001EB006760 (ZmADH, also known as ADH1, GSNOR, or HOT5) on maize chromosome 1 encodes a protein with alcohol dehydrogenase domains and S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase, S-nitrosoglutathione reductase, aldo-keto reductase, and calcium ion binding activities. The gene is associated with ethanol and formaldehyde metabolism, anaerobic respiration, hypoxic stress responses, and DNA modification. It has been linked to numerous agronomic traits including seedling height, root and shoot biomass, photosynthetic rate, leaf senescence, lignin content, protein content, drought tolerance, salt tolerance, disease tolerance, and herbicide sensitivity. The encoded protein localizes to the cytosol, plastid, mitochondria, nucleus, and plasma membrane. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to hypoxia, freezing, and dehydration stress responses, as well as formaldehyde detoxification and nitric oxide signaling.