HYD1 — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD3BV1G026510 (symbol HYD1, also known as TtHYD1 or MAD4) on durum wheat chromosome 3B encodes a protein with steroid D-isomerase, C-8 sterol isomerase, and cholestenol D-isomerase activities, belonging to the EBP/EXPERA protein family. The gene is associated with sterol anabolism and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways, as well as carotenoid metabolism and anabolism, photoprotection, and cold acclimation. It has been linked to lutein, zeaxanthin, carotene, and chlorophyll content, along with spike length and plant height. The encoded product localizes to the ER membrane, nucleus, and general membrane. Associations with embryonic cell patterning, vascular tissue development, root growth, stomatal development, cellulose biosynthesis, and cell wall integrity have been observed. Related genes in other species are linked to sterol-8 isomerase function and defective cell patterning with reduced root systems.