P5CS — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD3AV1G226230 (symbol P5CS, TtP5CS) on durum wheat chromosome 3A encodes a bifunctional enzyme with glutamate 5-kinase and glutamylphosphate reductase activities (EC 2.7.2.11, 1.2.1.41), conferring D1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase activity. This gene is associated with proline biosynthesis and metabolism, responses to desiccation, salt, hyperosmotic salinity, oxidative stress, and abscisic acid, as well as root development, embryo development, and the transition to reproductive phase. In durum wheat, P5CS1 has been linked to drought tolerance. Associations also include grain filling period, photosynthetic and respiration rates, salinity tolerance, and traits such as flowering time, pollen fertility, and freezing tolerance. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to osmotic stress tolerance, drought resistance, heat tolerance, and pathogen resistance.