VRN3 — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD1BV1G186910 (symbol VRN3, also known as TtFTL10) on durum wheat chromosome 1B encodes a phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein (PEBP family). The gene is associated with the regulation of flowering time, including vernalization response, photoperiodism, and the transition from vegetative to reproductive phase. It is linked to inflorescence and flower development, cell differentiation, and response to short-day conditions. The encoded protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum. Associations with agronomic traits include anthesis time, spike length, node number, grain yield, heading date, spikelet number per spike, and grain number per spike. The gene is also linked to drought tolerance. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to drought stress responses and subcellular localization to the nucleus and cytoplasm.