MS26 — Triticum aestivum

Summary

TRAESCS4A02G019400, designated Ms26 (also known as TaMS26-4A, TaCYP704B2-4A, or CYP704B1), encodes a cytochrome P450 enzyme with long-chain fatty acid omega-hydroxylase and alkane 1-hydroxylase activities, classified as an oxidoreductase acting on paired donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen. This wheat gene on chromosome 4A is associated with sporopollenin biosynthesis, meiosis II, and long-chain fatty acyl-CoA metabolism, and its product localizes to the ER membrane and mitochondria. Ms26 is linked to anther morphology, male sterility, pollen fertility restoration, and cytoplasmic male sterility, as well as grain yield components including grain number per plant, grain weight per spike, grain width, and grains per spike. Additional associations include spike density, spikelet length, plant height, days to heading, heat tolerance, and chlorophyll content. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to tapetal development, sporopollenin synthesis, and spikelet number.