NHX1 — Oryza sativa Japonica

Summary

OsNHX1 (OS05G0148600) on rice chromosome 5 encodes a sodium:hydrogen exchanger with potassium:proton antiporter activity and sodium transporter activity, belonging to the Na+/H+ exchanger and cation/H+ exchanger CPA1 families. It localizes to the vacuolar membrane, vacuole, plastid, mitochondria, cytosol, and plasmalemma. The gene is associated with salt stress tolerance, drought resistance, yield, grain traits, seedling vigor, root and shoot development, pollen function, stomatal regulation, and abiotic stress responses. It has been connected to zeaxanthin anabolism, photoprotection, C4 photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, cytokinin anabolism, cell pH regulation, potassium and sodium ion transport, and response to hormones and desiccation. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to vacuolar pH homeostasis, ion transport, salt tolerance, potassium accumulation, cell expansion, and heat tolerance.