AMY1 — Oryza sativa Japonica

Summary

OS02G0765600, designated AMY1A in rice (Oryza sativa Japonica) on chromosome 2, encodes an alpha-amylase enzyme (EC 3.2.1.1) with a glycoside hydrolase 13 catalytic domain. The gene is associated with starch and sucrose metabolism, including starch anabolism and breakdown, as well as seed germination, seedling development, and embryo development ending in seed dormancy. It is linked to gibberellin signaling and response, hormone anabolism, and sumoylation. Localization evidence connects the product to the apoplast, chloroplast stroma, cytosol, nucleus, and extracellular space. Trait associations include grain appearance, chalky endosperm, amylose content, starch digestibility, grain yield, spikelet fertility, cold tolerance, and abscisic acid sensitivity. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to transitory starch breakdown and osmotic stress response, as well as submergence and drought stress responses.