CHS — Oryza sativa Indica Group

Summary

BGIOSGA015372 (CHS, OiCHS) on chromosome 4 of Indica rice encodes a type III polyketide synthase with chalcone/stilbene synthase domains, exhibiting naringenin-chalcone synthase, flavonol synthase, flavanone 4-reductase, dihydroflavanol 4-reductase, and tetraketide alpha-pyrone synthase activities. The gene is associated with regulation of flavonoid, anthocyanin, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, pollen wall assembly, pigmentation, response to UV, gravity, and auxin polar transport, as well as leaf senescence. It has been linked to traits including hull and seed coat color, anthocyanin content, drought and salt stress tolerance, flowering time, root morphology, stomatal opening, and oxidative stress response. The product localizes to the cytosol, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and tonoplast. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to pollen exine development, male fertility, sporopollenin biosynthesis, and UV-B tolerance.