ALS — Oryza sativa Indica Group

Summary

BGIOSGA016278 (OiALS) on chromosome 4 of Indica rice encodes an acetolactate synthase large subunit, a thiamine pyrophosphate-dependent enzyme that catalyses the first step in branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis. The gene product possesses acetolactate synthase, pyruvate decarboxylase and 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase activities, binds TPP, FAD and magnesium, and localises to the chloroplast stroma as part of the acetolactate synthase complex. OiALS is associated with valine and isoleucine biosynthesis, fatty acid alpha-oxidation, syngamy and response to herbicide. Phenotypic evidence links the gene to imidazolinone herbicide tolerance, herbicide tolerance, and aluminium resistance. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to grain yield, drought tolerance, plant height, tiller number, shoot dry weight, protein content, stomatal resistance, callus induction and salt tolerance.