VP2 — Oryza sativa Indica Group

Summary

BGIOSGA003430 (VP2, also known as OiVP2, OiCHALK5, and AVP1) on chromosome 1 of Indica rice encodes a PPase-energised H-pump with proton-translocating pyrophosphatase activity (EC 7.1.3.1). The gene is associated with cold tolerance, cadmium accumulation, and seedling phenotypes observed in this species. It has been linked to grain size, amylose content, chalkiness, leaf length, stomatal opening, and abscisic acid sensitivity. The product localises to the tonoplast, vacuolar membrane, Golgi, and endomembrane system, and is associated with proton transmembrane transport, auxin polar transport, cell wall pectin metabolism, starch biosynthesis regulation, and responses to cold, salinity, and abscisic acid. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to drought and salt tolerance, phosphorus use efficiency, and grain yield.