ACT — Nicotiana attenuata

Summary

A4A49_09573 (ACT) on coyote tobacco chromosome 3 encodes an actin family protein with ATPase, actin-binding, profilin-binding, phospholipid-binding, protein kinase-binding, phosphatase and hydrolase activities, and is a structural constituent of the cytoskeleton. It localises to the actin cytoskeleton, Golgi, endosome, chloroplast envelope and protein phosphatase complexes. The gene is associated with actin filament stabilisation, nucleation, depolymerisation, cell tip growth, cytoskeleton organisation, pronuclear migration, karyogamy, Golgi-to-plasma membrane transport, and responses to nutrients. It has been linked to numerous traits including seed morphology, endosperm morphology, leaf area, vegetative vigour, shoot growth angle, root hair length, seed yield, water stress response, aphid response, powdery mildew disease response, iron concentration, cytokinin content, brassinosteroid sensitivity, ethylene sensitivity, cell cycle and cell elongation. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to leaf size, drought resistance, hypersensitive response, aphid resistance, powdery mildew susceptibility, osmotic stress tolerance, actin cytoskeletal organisation, endoreplication and leaf senescence.