ANS — Medicago truncatula

Summary

MTR_5G011250, designated MtANS, encodes a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase with leucocyanidin oxygenase, flavonol synthase, and flavanone 3-dioxygenase activities, placing it in the anthocyanidin synthase family. In barrel medic, MtANS is associated with proanthocyanidin and anthocyanin biosynthesis, coumarin anabolism, regulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism, vacuole organization, seed development, and responses to wounding, jasmonic acid, and fungal molecules. The gene is linked to anthocyanin content, flavonoid and phenylpropanoid production, vacuole development, and tolerance to ultraviolet radiation, as well as nematode susceptibility. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to seed and flower pigmentation, seed size, protein and chlorophyll content, photosynthetic ability, and heterosis. The protein localizes to the cytosol and cytoplasm.