BAM1 — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.4HG0417260 (symbol BAM1, also known as Bmy1) on barley chromosome 4H encodes a beta-amylase enzyme (EC 3.2.1.2) with DNA-binding transcription factor activity and identical protein binding capability. The gene is associated with maltose anabolism, polysaccharide breakdown, and responses to water, cold, herbivore, and ethylene-mediated signalling. It has been linked to grain weight, protein content, photosynthetic rate, and beta-amylase activity traits. Localisation evidence connects the product to the chloroplast stroma, cytosol, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and extracellular space. Associations also include seed development, shoot development regulation, programmed cell death, and immune response. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to starch metabolism, shoot apical meristem maintenance, and dehydration stress response.