GGT1 — Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare

Summary

HORVU.MOREX.R3.2HG0124810 (HvGGT1) on barley chromosome 2H encodes a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent aminotransferase of the ALAT1/2-like family, with glutamate-glyoxylate, alanine-glyoxylate, nicotianamine, L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate and L-tyrosine-2-oxoglutarate transaminase activities (EC 2.6.1.2). The gene is associated with photorespiration, L-alanine and tyrosine breakdown, ethylene anabolism, and responses to cadmium and hypoxia. It has been linked to pre-harvest sprouting and hypoxia sensitivity in barley, and to grain filling period, photosynthetic rate, seed yield, seed dormancy, seed germination, flowering time, plant size, root elongation, trichome development, senescence, oxidative stress tolerance, disease resistance, and ABA sensitivity. The product localises to the apoplast, chloroplast stroma, vacuole, mitochondria, cytosol and nucleus. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to UV-B stress response and virus resistance, and to grain yield, nitrogen utilization and starch synthesis.