HY3 (DCAR_012892) — Daucus carota subsp. sativus

Summary

DcHY3 (DCAR_012892) on carrot chromosome 4 encodes a phytochrome family member, a photoreceptor protein with domains including GAF, PAS, and histidine kinase, and is annotated with tetrapyrrole binding and numerous other molecular functions. The gene is associated with the regulation of responses to red or far-red light, detection of light, and positive regulation of the phytochrome signaling pathway, as well as with protein-bilin linkage and protein catabolic processes in the vacuole. It has been linked to a wide range of agronomic traits, including grain yield, panicle number, flower diameter, root system morphology, fruit set, leaf area, subterranean shoot axis tuber size, photoperiod sensitivity, and responses to light quality, copper, glyphosate, and plant hormones. Associations also extend to phenotypes such as delayed flowering, chlorophyll accumulation, anthocyanin synthesis, drought and cold stress responses, disease resistance, and carbon assimilation. Studies of related genes in other species connect the phytochrome family to tuberization, fruit ripening, carotenoid accumulation, and salinity tolerance.