G2 — Brachypodium distachyon

Summary

BdG2 (BRADI_1G68430V3) on chromosome 1 of Brachypodium distachyon encodes a protein with acridone synthase and naringenin-chalcone synthase activities (EC 2.3.1.199), placing it in the polyketide synthase family that also includes a fatty acid elongase domain. The gene is associated with flavonoid, polyketide and fatty acid biosynthesis, responses to UV-A, UV-B and general UV radiation, lateral root and root development, and signal transduction. Its product localises to the endoplasmic reticulum and membrane. BdG2 has also been linked to seed coat colour. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to additional acyltransferase activities (EC 2.3.1.159 and 2.3.1.74) and to proteins such as chalcone synthases and ACS3, though these associations are not yet established in Brachypodium.