H4 — Brachypodium distachyon

Summary

BdH4 (BRADI_1G68190V3) on chromosome 1 of Brachypodium distachyon encodes a histone H4 protein, a structural constituent of chromatin that is also associated with histone acetylase, deacetylase, methylase, and DNA-binding activities. The gene is associated with nucleosome assembly, chromatin remodeling, telomeric silencing, and the regulation of phase transitions, including the switch from vegetative to reproductive growth, photoperiodic flowering, and vernalization response. BdH4 is linked to seed maturation, endosperm development, somatic embryogenesis, secondary shoot formation, and regeneration. It is also associated with stress responses, including UV-B, high and low temperature, and bacterial blight disease resistance. Associations extend to traits such as flowering time, shoot branching, leaf and root morphology, seed growth, chloroplast development, and sensitivity to brassinosteroids, abscisic acid, and salt. The protein localizes to the nucleolus, thylakoid, chloroplast envelope, plasmodesmata, and several histone-modifying complexes.