ARF — Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris

Summary

BvARF (BVRB_6G127420) on sugar beet chromosome 6 encodes a member of the Arf1-5-like small GTPase family, with annotated molecular functions including G protein activity, phosphatidylinositol kinase activity, phospholipase activator activity, and actin binding. The gene is associated with vesicle-mediated transport to the plasma membrane, ER-to-Golgi transport, Golgi organization, and protein retention in the ER lumen. It is linked to regulation of auxin metabolism, blue light signaling, chloroplast accumulation movement, and phloem transport. Associations with agronomic traits include biomass yield, water use efficiency, root mass density, days to flowering, leaf senescence, disease tolerance, and responses to low temperature, oxidative stress, and abscisic acid. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to phototropism, stomatal opening, and salt and drought tolerance.