BADH — Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris

Summary

BvBADH (BVRB_5G116230) on sugar beet chromosome 5 encodes a betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH10 family) with NAD⁺-dependent activity toward betaine-aldehyde, 4-trimethylammoniobutyraldehyde, gamma-guanidinobutyraldehyde, 3-aminopropanal and aminobutyraldehyde, and binds Na⁺ and K⁺ ions. The enzyme is associated with glycine betaine and betaine biosynthesis, cellular detoxification of aldehydes, and responses to salt, salinity, abscisic acid and thirst. It localises to mitochondria, cytosol, cytoplasm and plant-type cell wall. The gene is linked to flavonoid content, photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content. Studies of the Arabidopsis relative ALDH10A8 connect the family to salt tolerance and glycine betaine synthesis, while related genes in other species link to drought sensitivity, leaf water potential, water use efficiency, proline content, starch yield, fruit size, plant height and seed development traits.