GS1 — Zea mays

Summary

ZmGS1 (ZM00001EB432580) on maize chromosome 10 encodes a glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2) with glutamine synthetase activity, along with annotated functions including glutamate-tRNA ligase, histone acetyltransferase, and SUMO transferase activities. The gene is associated with nitrogen utilization, the ammonia assimilation cycle, nitrate metabolism, and nitrogen recycling, as well as cellular senescence, ear development, and regulation of photosynthesis. It has been linked to agronomically important traits including grain number, grain size, grain filling period, harvest index, ear number, seedling vigour, plant dry weight, canopy temperature, heat tolerance, salt response, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal resistance, leaf senescence, protein content, and heterosis. Studies of related genes in other species connect the family to grain yield, nitrogen remobilization, drought and salt stress tolerance, and root development.