CCR1 — Zea mays

Summary

ZM00001EB234090 (symbol CCR1, also known as ZmCCR21) on maize chromosome 5 encodes a protein with cinnamoyl-CoA reductase activity, as well as flavanone 4-reductase and dihydroflavanol 4-reductase activities, placing it in the NAD(P)-binding domain superfamily of oxidoreductases. This gene is associated with lignin content, anthocyanin content, and flavonoid metabolism, and has been connected to grain color, grain yield, and heterosis. It is also linked to stress-related traits including cold tolerance, drought tolerance, and salt tolerance, as well as photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, seedling height, root length, and days to heading. Additional associations include cell wall assembly, cell wall macromolecule catabolic process, pigment accumulation, and tissue regeneration. The gene is localized to the cytoplasm. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (EC 1.2.1.44) and dihydroflavanol 4-reductase (EC 1.1.1.219) activities.