TIM — Zea mays

Summary

ZM00001EB124410 (symbol TIM, also known as TPI1 or ZmTPI1) on maize chromosome 3 encodes a triosephosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.1), an enzyme with triose-phosphate isomerase activity and copper binding capability. The gene is associated with numerous biological processes including triglyceride mobilization, glycerol breakdown, carbohydrate anabolism, ear development, aerenchyma formation, and the GABA shunt. It is linked to agronomically important traits such as grain yield, plant height, drought tolerance, heat tolerance, salt response, photosynthetic rate, carbon isotope discrimination, stomatal resistance, starch and sugar content, rolled leaf, and heterosis. The protein localizes to multiple cellular compartments including the cytosol, chloroplast stroma and envelope, thylakoid, mitochondria, plasmalemma, apoplast, plant-type cell wall, vacuole, and plasmodesmata. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to sugar metabolism and chloroplast function.