BE3 — Zea mays
Summary
ZmBE3 (BE3) on maize chromosome 2 encodes a 1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme (EC 2.4.1.18) with isoamylase activity, belonging to the glycoside hydrolase 13 superfamily. The protein localises to amyloplasts and chloroplast stroma, and is associated with amylopectin and starch biosynthesis, carbohydrate storage, and endosperm development. ZmBE3 is linked to seed growth, grain weight, grain yield, starch content and digestibility, sugar content, ash content, seedling vigor, coleoptile and root length, and drought tolerance. The gene is also associated with regulation of phosphorylation, protein acetylation, demethylation, fermentation, and cellulose biosynthesis. Studies of related genes in other species associate the family with starch biosynthesis, amylopectin content, grain size and protein content, and resistant starch accumulation.
Annotations
- Chromosome
- 2
- Related genes
- BE3, SBE2.2
- GO terms
- homeostasis, protein synthesis, NO storage, Digestion, glucan anabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, Embryo Development Ending In Seed Dormancy, glycogen anabolism
- Publications
- 26715025, 18989364, 14759260, 18218973, 15656970, 23393426, 25663508, 16615871
- Traits
- Polymerization Profile Similar to be2/be3 Mutants, Reduced Maltose Accumulation, Normal Sugar Levels Compared to Wild Type, Severely Reduced Plant Size and Biomass, Altered Malto-oligosaccharide Composition, Cytosolic Maltose Accumulation, Viable Seed Production Despite Mutation, Increased Starch Phosphorylase Activity