AN3 — Zea mays

Summary

ZmAN3 (also known as GIF1, GIF3) on maize chromosome 1 encodes a protein with an SS18_N domain that has been annotated with diverse molecular functions including protein binding, bridging, transcription corepressor activity, and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler activity. The gene is associated with embryonic meristem initiation, floral whorl morphogenesis, formation of plant organ boundaries, and regulation of seed size. It has been connected to numerous agronomically important traits including ear length, leaf width, inflorescence size and branching, plant height, whole plant size, seed shape, and endosperm morphology. Associations also include abscisic acid concentration, gibberellin biosynthesis, photoperiod sensitivity, and responses to aphids, copper, and boron. The protein localizes to the SAGA complex, SWI-SNF complex, and nuclear lamina. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to organ size, leaf cell size, floral development, and drought stress response.