HYD1 — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD5BV1G001750 (symbol HYD1, also known as TtHYD1 or TtMAD4) on durum wheat chromosome 5B encodes a C-8 sterol isomerase with steroid D-isomerase and cholestenol D-isomerase activities, belonging to the EBP/EXPERA protein family. The gene is associated with sterol anabolism, carotenoid metabolism and anabolism, photoprotection, and cold acclimation. It has been linked to lutein, zeaxanthin, carotene, and chlorophyll content, as well as spike length and plant height. Associations also include embryonic development and patterning, vascular tissue development, seedling morphogenesis, root growth and patterning, stomatal development, cell expansion, cellulose biosynthesis, and cell wall integrity. The encoded protein localises to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, membrane, and nucleus. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to spikelet number and root thickness.