GS2 — Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

Summary

TRITD2AV1G251570, designated GS2 (also known as TtGRF6, TtGRF5, TtGRF3, GRF2, GRF1, GS2, GRF3, GRF6, GRF5, TtGRF2, TtGRF1) on durum wheat chromosome 2A, encodes a growth-regulating factor (GRF) protein containing QLQ and WRC domains and acts as a transcription coactivator with ATP and protein binding activity. It localizes to the nucleus and is associated with seed development, grain weight, grain filling period, grain protein content, root meristem growth, cell division, cell proliferation, leaf growth and development, response to cold and deep water, response to gibberellin, and regulation of gene expression. The gene is also linked to water use efficiency, anthocyanin content, oxidative stress response, and various floral and reproductive organ development traits including ovary, pistil, anther, and gynoecium morphology. Studies of related genes in other species connect this gene family to grain size, seed size, organ growth, stress tolerance, and plant regeneration.