AP1 — Triticum aestivum

Summary

TRAESCS5A02G391700, also known as TaAP1, TaSOC1-5A, TaMADS50-5A, and Vrn-A1, encodes a MADS-box transcription factor on wheat chromosome 5A. The product contains a MADS-box and K-box domain and exhibits RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding and protein dimerization activity. TaAP1 is associated with the regulation of vernalization response, photoperiodism, flowering time, and floral meristem identity and determinacy. In bread wheat, the gene is linked to heading date, flowering time, frost tolerance, and yield. It has also been connected to a wide range of agronomic traits including spike width, grain number per spikelet, peduncle length, stem length, canopy temperature, winter survival, and seedling vigour. The gene is localized to the nucleus and is associated with cold acclimation, photoprotection, and jasmonic acid anabolism. Studies of related genes in other species link the family to drought and freezing tolerance.